NCLEX-PN Test 02: Clinical Care Across the Lifespan

NCLEX-PN Test 02: Critical Care Tips

This exam focuses on Safety Protocols, Growth Milestones, and Disease Management.

Radiation Safety: If a radioactive implant falls out, never touch it with your hands. Use long-handled tongs and put it in a lead container.
Infant Care: Babies with brittle bones (osteogenesis imperfecta) must be handled very gently. Always lift them by the buttocks during diaper changes.
Infection Risk: Steroids like cortisone weaken the immune system. Patients must report a fever or sore throat immediately.
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Q:1A nurse teaches the parents of a newborn with brittle bone disease (osteogenesis imperfecta). What should the nurse tell the parents?
Babies with this condition have very fragile bones. Lifting them by the buttocks and supporting their body gently helps prevent bones from breaking during daily care.
Q:2A client with sudden pancreas inflammation (pancreatitis) is told not to eat and has a tube in their stomach. Why are these steps taken?
Keeping the stomach empty stops the body from sending signals to the pancreas to work. This lets the pancreas rest so it can start to heal.
Q:3A client with an inflamed colon (diverticulitis) has nausea and vomiting. Which finding shows a very serious problem is happening?
A very hard belly is a sign of a life-threatening infection in the abdomen. This often happens if the colon develops a hole and leaks.
Q:4A client is diagnosed with a muscle weakness disease (myasthenia gravis). Which medicine is used as the first choice for treatment?
This medicine helps muscles get stronger. It stops the body from breaking down the chemical that carries signals from nerves to muscles.
Q:5A client with AIDS has lost 20 pounds in one month. What kind of diet is best for this client?
Clients with AIDS need lots of calories and protein to keep their weight up. They should eat low fat because fat can cause diarrhea in these patients.
Q:6A nurse cares for a 4-year-old with cerebral palsy. Which activity helps prepare the child for physical therapy and speech services?
Children with this condition often have weak mouth muscles. Using blow toys and lollipops helps strengthen the tongue and mouth for eating and talking.
Q:7A mother asks when her 6-week-old baby will sleep through the night. The nurse should tell her that most babies do this by:
By age three to four months, most babies do not need to eat as often. Their bodies allow them to sleep for six to eight hours straight.
Q:8Which child has the highest risk of developing an allergy to latex?
Children with spine defects have many surgeries and medical tests from a very young age. Being around latex so much makes them more likely to get allergic.
Q:9A nurse teaches a mother how to clear mucus from the lungs of a child with cystic fibrosis. The nurse tells her to:
Cupping the hands traps a pocket of air. This air cushion helps shake the mucus loose from the lungs without hurting the child.
Q:10A nurse needs to give 1.25 mL of an antibiotic shot to an infant. What should the nurse do?
An infant’s leg muscle can only safely hold 1.0 mL of medicine. Since 1.25 mL is too much for one spot, the nurse must split it.
Q:11A client with tuberculosis asks how long they must take their medicine. The nurse should say the treatment usually lasts:
Tuberculosis bacteria are very hard to kill. The client must take several medicines for at least six months to make sure all the germs are gone.
Q:12Which new skill puts a 4-month-old baby at the highest risk for getting hurt?
Babies start rolling over around four months. If they are left alone on a bed or table, they can roll off and fall.
Q:13A client takes phenytoin for seizures. What information is most important for the client’s care plan?
This medicine can cause the gums to grow too much and become swollen. Frequent dental visits and good brushing help keep the mouth healthy.
Q:14A baby boy is born with a penis defect (hypospadias). The nurse knows that:
In this condition, the opening is not at the tip. Surgeons often use the foreskin to fix the problem later, so it should not be removed.
Q:15A nurse teaches a client with high cholesterol about diet. Which oil should the client avoid?
Coconut oil has a lot of saturated fat. This kind of fat raises the bad cholesterol in the blood, which is bad for the heart.
Q:16A nurse cares for a client with stage III Alzheimer’s disease. Which behavior is common in this stage?
In the middle-to-late stage, patients often become restless. They may pace or wander, especially when it gets dark outside in the evening.
Q:17A doctor prescribes cortisone for a client with lupus (SLE). What should the client be told?
Cortisone lowers the body’s ability to fight germs. This means the client can get sick very easily. A fever is a sign of a dangerous infection.
Q:18A nurse cares for a client who had a leg removed above the knee. How can the nurse stop the hip from getting stuck in a bent position?
Lying on the belly (prone) stretches out the hip joint. This prevents the muscle from tightening up and keeping the hip bent permanently.
Q:19A mother asks when her 6-month-old will have all their baby teeth. Most children have all their first teeth by:
Children usually have all 20 of their baby teeth by the time they are two and a half years old.
Q:20A nurse finds a radioactive implant lying in the bed of a client with cancer. What should the nurse do?
Tongs keep the nurse away from the radiation. The lead container stops the radiation from spreading into the room and harming people.

Test 02 Study Summary

1. Respiratory Care When clearing mucus in cystic fibrosis, use cupped hands. This creates an air cushion that loosens mucus without causing pain.
2. Mobility & Safety A 4-month-old is at high risk for falls because they start rolling over. Never leave them alone on high surfaces.
3. Surgical Recovery After a leg amputation, lying face down (prone) twice a day helps stretch the hip muscles. This stops the hip from getting stuck in a bent position.

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