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TNCC Test 02: Secondary Survey and Clinical Complications

TNCC Test 02: Key Themes

This exam evaluates Thoracic Trauma, Neurological Emergencies, and Secondary Assessment protocols.

Chest Trauma: Open pneumothorax requires a three-sided dressing to prevent air from entering the chest while allowing it to escape.
Cardiac Rhythms: Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia and Ventricular Fibrillation are treated with the same immediate shock protocol.
Geriatric Care: Be aware that older adults may not show a fast heart rate during shock because of medications like beta-blockers.
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Q:1Which statement about a pulmonary contusion is FALSE?
Lung bruises do not show up on X-rays right after a hit. It takes a few hours for fluid to build up enough to be seen.
Q:2What is the goal oxygen saturation when giving COPD patients supplemental oxygen?
COPD patients need lower oxygen levels, usually between 88% and 92%. Giving too much can stop them from breathing on their own.
Q:3Which of the following is NOT typically seen with a spinal cord injury?
Spinal cord injuries stop the body from sweating or making lots of urine early on. The body loses control over blood pressure and temperature.
Q:4Release of which neurotransmitter is inhibited by tetanus toxin?
Tetanus toxin stops GABA from being released. Since GABA tells muscles to stop tensing, the muscles stay locked and very stiff.
Q:5Which finding is NOT typically present in a patient with fat embolism syndrome?
Fat embolism causes a fast heart rate, not a slow one. Other signs include trouble breathing and tiny red spots on the skin.
Q:6What is a common side effect of morphine?
Morphine treats severe pain after trauma. It commonly causes side effects like slow breathing, bad constipation, and itchy skin, making all three choices correct for patients.
Q:7What is the initial treatment for an open pneumothorax?
Cover the hole in the chest with plastic taped on three sides. This lets air out but stops air from being sucked in.
Q:8What is the most common cause of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the United States?
Falls are the main cause of head injuries. This is especially true for very young children and the elderly.
Q:9Which component of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is used to assess motor response?
The GCS checks eyes, talking, and moving. The moving part is the best way to tell how serious a brain injury is.
Q:10An 18-year-old male presents after a fall with his left arm abducted and externally rotated. Sensation is intact, but he resists any range of motion. What is his most likely diagnosis?
When a shoulder pops out toward the front, the arm sits away from the body and turns outward. This is a common injury.
Q:11During the secondary survey of a trauma patient, which of the following is the most appropriate action?
The secondary survey happens after the patient is stable. It is a slow, careful check from head to toe to find smaller injuries.
Q:12Which of the following is true regarding aspiration pneumonia in a trauma patient?
Patients with head injuries often cannot protect their own airway. If they vomit, it can go into their lungs and cause infection.
Q:13Which scenario will NOT compromise the airway after endotracheal intubation?
The breathing tube should sit about 2 to 5 centimeters above the carina. If it is 2 centimeters above, it is perfect.
Q:14Which injury is produced by a force that drives the trunk forward while the head lags behind?
Whiplash happens when the body moves fast and the head snaps back and then forward. This is very common in car crashes.
Q:15Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is treated the same as which other cardiac rhythm?
If the heart is shaking or beating too fast to pump blood, it needs a shock. Both rhythms use the same shock treatment.
Q:16What is the goal urine output for an adult burn patient during resuscitation?
To check that the kidneys are getting enough blood, doctors look for about 30 to 50 milliliters of urine every hour.
Q:17Which of the following is the most serious consequence of ventricular tachycardia (VT)?
Ventricular tachycardia is dangerous because it can stop the heart from pumping at any second. This leads to sudden death.
Q:18If a trauma patient has clear fluid draining from their nose, the provider should do which of the following?
Clear fluid from the nose after a hit could be brain fluid. It should be collected and tested to find out what it is.
Q:19Entrapment of which nerve is a common complication of a Smith fracture?
A Smith fracture happens at the wrist. The median nerve runs through that area and often gets pinched or damaged by bone.
Q:20What is a key consideration when assessing an older adult with a traumatic injury?
Older adults might not have a fast heart rate even if they are bleeding. Their heart works differently or they take heart pills.

Test 02 Study Summary

1. Pulmonary Contusions Bruised lungs often do not show up on early X-rays. Clinical signs like low oxygen usually appear before imaging changes.
2. Secondary Survey Only start the head-to-toe check after the primary survey (ABCDE) is finished and the patient is stable.
3. Airway Management A breathing tube is in the right place if it sits about 2 to 5 centimeters above the spot where the lungs divide.

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